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Isis and Osiris, from Plutarch's Moralia, is a fascinating look at Egyptian mythology and religion. A table of contents is included.
- Sales Rank: #157124 in eBooks
- Published on: 2012-11-08
- Released on: 2012-11-08
- Format: Kindle eBook
About the Author
About the Introducer
VICTOR DAVIS HANSON has written extensively on both ancient Greek and military history; his ?fteen books include The Western Way of War and Between War and Peace. He is a senior fellow at the Hoover Institution, Stanford University, and a professor of classics at California State University, Fresno.
"From the Trade Paperback edition.
Most helpful customer reviews
19 of 19 people found the following review helpful.
"Dog, you shall be part of bright Hecate."
By M. DeKalb
The story of `Isis and Osiris' was but a small part of Plutarch's `Moralia', a series of dialogues and orations given to the public at various points during his life. The `Moralia' in total consists of 78 varied topics.
Bear in mind that Egyptian myth is usually the most confusing of all myths because of it's convolutions, name changes, generally unclear references and instability across the culture, plus all that was lost through time needs be accounted for. Regardless, Plutarch does a decent job offering insight into Ancient Egypt and relaying the tale of Isis and Osiris, but skimps on detail in a few places that the detail may have added to the readers understanding. I find that while this is a valuable read, and certainly not a bad place to start - it just barely scratches the surface of the story, the era and the general mindset / understanding of the peoples of Egypt.
Before the story of `Isis and Osiris' Plutarch recounts many of the common religious customs and beliefs observed by early Egyptians, these include:
- Avoiding excess: including shaving ones entire body, avoiding wearing animal skins and keeping yourself well groomed.
- No salt: provokes gluttony in that in increases appetite and thirst
- Alcohol abstinance: wine is considered to be the blood on one's ancestors that was spilt when mortals battled the gods; the grape vines grew from the sanguineous loss.
- The onion is to be avoided because it causes excess thirst or tears and it's one of the few plants that flourishes in the waning moon. It's purpose was mostly medicinal.
- One is supposed to interpret the stories of the Gods philosophically, not literally, based upon the qualities and characteristics inherent the Gods - examining events in which the God's characteristic is present.
Then comes birth and birth order (here Plutarch disregards the parents of the five demi-gods e.g. Neber-tcher, Khepera, Shu, Tefnut, Keb, Nut, etc.) of the Gods, which occur on the 5 inculcated days that extend the year, a God each day.
1. Osiris: Os (`many') Iri (`eyes'), `The Lord of All'; `Sturdy`, peaceful, charming, deliverer of people from their brutish lives. One with the Apis bull - fertility and strength during war. The male half of the moon; and commonly represented as the Nile which giveth life upon it's flooding. Ruler of `Amenthes' the underworld as `one who receives and gives'.
2. Horus: The son of Osiris and Isis. `Avenger of the father', was perceived as one of the terrestrial Gods. Sometimes called `Min' (seen) in reference to the material / physical world and his ability to create. He is the heir to his father's throne once Osiris is murdered by Set.
3. Typhon: More commonly known as Set (or Seth - 'violence'). The primary villain in the myths. Responsible for famine, was associated with many `biting and stinging' poisonous creatures. He represents the `solar world' in it's drying and parching aspects. Sometimes referred to as `Bebon' (Hinderance).
4. Isis: Wife / Sister of Osiris and mother of Horus. The fertility goddess commonly associated to the dog-star (Sirius - 'cyon' or Sothis `cyesis`: to be pregnant) but also the female half of the moon labeling her `Mother of the World' and also making her called upon regarding love and it's affairs. The bringer of water, generation and life. A great sorceress, likely surpassed only by Thoth, the divine physician.
5. Nepthys: Wife of Set, sister of Osiris and Isis. The mother of Anubis (born from Osiris). She is associated to `Finality' or `Victory' and mostly plays a part in the rituals of the dead.
The story, itself, is sparse detail from Plutarch as he appeared more concerned with the meaning behind the story. The rites, rituals, allusions and philosophy:
Set one day tricks Osiris into laying into a casket fit just for him (after the towns folk had all tried their fit) and once Osiris is in he's nailed up and sealed then sent down the Nile. He dies and is found sometime later ensconced within a tree inside a Kings palace by Isis who is quite distraught.
Hiding Osiris, she later returns to find that Set had too found him, and dismembered him into 14 parts and spread them about Egypt along the Nile.
Isis seeks these parts, supposedly find 13 of them and missing all but the phallus (his manhood - which was thrown to the fishes). This part is given special reverence during festival.
Two versions of the Horus birth stem from this: one suggests Isis begot Horus before finding Osiris, method unexplained and the second suggests spiritual conception through Osiris' essence.
3 of 5 people found the following review helpful.
Isis and Osiris
By Apolonius
As a book it is ok.The translation of certain words from greek to english is at best horrible .As i always notice many writers have little knowledge of the actual meaning of the greek ancient and common language.Many of them confuse Greek and Latin names, call many things greko roman.Nothing could be further from the truth.Greek was not Roman.But it is widespread and ignorance keeps teaching .
0 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Very valuable collection
By Theofrastus Nihilus
Extraordinary and unique source of information about the Egyptian religion and thought. Very cheap too. Highly recommended if you have interest to get wider knowledge of the ancient world.
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