Sabtu, 28 November 2015

## PDF Download The Rise of David Levinsky (Economy Editions), by Abraham Cahan

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The Rise of David Levinsky (Economy Editions), by Abraham Cahan

Acclaimed by literary critic Carl Van Doren as "the most important of all immigrant novels," The Rise of David Levinsky takes place amid America's biggest and most diverse Yiddish-speaking community during the early 20th century. David Levinsky, a young Hasidic Jew struggling to master the Talmud, seeks his fortune amid the teeming streets of New York's Lower East Side. All the energy formerly focused on his religious studies now turns in the direction of rising to the top of the business world, where he discovers the high price of assimilation. Author Abraham Cahan founded and edited the Jewish Daily Forward, the world's most widely read Yiddish paper, and his direct experience contributes mightily to the authenticity of this monumental work.

  • Sales Rank: #2107701 in eBooks
  • Published on: 2013-03-21
  • Released on: 2013-03-21
  • Format: Kindle eBook

Most helpful customer reviews

59 of 61 people found the following review helpful.
Classic American Literature
By Tyler Smith
I first read this book in the mid-70s when it was assigned as part of an undergrad history course. I devoured it then, rediscovered it ten years later and found I enjoyed it even more on a second reading. Subsequent readings have not diminished my admiration for the novel.
"Levinsky" is a rare example of the novel that works both as history and as literature. Cahan's firsthand observations of late 19th century industrial America and of the immigrants' struggles to adapt to life in a new land are compelling in their own right. But this is no mere slice of life realism. Cahan created complex characters who face conflicts beyond the struggle to survive.
Cahan's main character, Levinsky, spends the first part of the book struggling to master the Talmud in his village in Russia. Here Cahan introduces us to Levinsky's incisive mind, one that will serve him well when he goes to America and begins to serve a new master: business. In the opening section, Cahan also develops one of several beautifully drawn supporting characters: Levinsky's mother.
By novel's end, we realize the irony of the novel's title. On one level, Levinsky's story is a classic tale of rags-to-riches, American-style success. On the other, his story is one of failure to achieve the rich, personal, intellectually stimulating connection with others that he has craved since childhood.
This great novel deserves to be on the short list of indispensable American fiction. One seeking to understand the roots of our country would be hard pressed to do better than to read it.

17 of 18 people found the following review helpful.
A classic that should be better-known
By TravelMod
I was prompted to buy and read this book by a bookclub-type event, and I am very glad to recommend this novel. Written in 1917 about an era even earlier than that, it is a classic tale of the immigrant experience, the American experience, and the Jewish experience, in the USA. The various pulls of culture, assimilation, poverty, wealth, sex, solitude, religion, secularism, education, and commerce are each subtly examined, so subtly that one doesn't realize until afterwards how much has been packed into a relatively simple story.
This Penguin version is the one to buy, it is compact, in readable type, and with a useful preface. Amazon is selling another version in an oversized paperback format--skip that one, it is awkward in size, and with many typos in the text. I actually disposed of that one and repurchased it in the Penguin paperback version.

10 of 10 people found the following review helpful.
Realism at its finest
By A Customer
The realism in this novel is astounding. In a true-to-life rags-to-riches story, young David Levinsky grows up poor, yet motivated, in the heart of a small Russian town. A Hasidic Jew with visions beyond the Torah, Talmud, and a studious life, he takes a ship to America to seek his fortune. His rise in corporate America has the power to inspire, to invoke fear, reminiscence, tears. Do not be surprised to find yourself looking within after a particularly well-written, astute paragraph by Cahan, and feeling as if he has written about your own emotions or state of mind -- decades before you were even born! Some of his metaphors, I have found, even describe the way I have thought about the world, and the feeling that you could be there alongside David in his search for wealth, power, women, and ultimately himself (Who am I?) add to the fantasitic realism with which Cahan weaves his story. It is a masterpiece, a novel that deserves to be read worldwide. I am twenty years old, but read the novel when I was 16. I have not read it since, yet recall vivid details and even entire paragraphs which struck me then even as they do now; reconciling parts of the novel to my life comes easily as I experience new things and understand and appreciate even better what the fictional David Levinsky went through. It is classic, a novel for all time. I recommend, in the strongest possible terms, to read it, love it, and enjoy it. I did... and I am a science person.

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Jumat, 27 November 2015

! Ebook Learning the Hidden Curriculum: The Odyssey of One Autistic Adult, by Judy, MSW Endow

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Learning the Hidden Curriculum: The Odyssey of One Autistic Adult, by Judy, MSW Endow

Drawing from her personal experiences, Judy Endow, author of the 2009 and 2010 Hidden Curriculum Calendars, provides lots of hidden curriculum items that pertain to most areas of adult life. In relating how she personally has learned to more successfully maneuver social interactions, she also presents a framework for others to develop the ability to more quickly assess a situation and take steps to avoid makingsocial blunders BEFORE they have been committed. A sampling of strategies includes Pause and Match, Laugh Along, Recognize and Expand Black-and-White Thinking, and It Is Not Necessary to Report All My Truths. Judy’s framework enables readers to learn to create their own social “rules” and, as a result, live freer, more successful lives. The fact that this book is written by an autistic person who has learned by trial and error makes it all the more valuable.

  • Sales Rank: #1064000 in eBooks
  • Published on: 2012-02-14
  • Released on: 2012-02-14
  • Format: Kindle eBook

About the Author
Judy Endow, MSW, is an author and international speaker on a variety of autism-related topics, serves on the Wisconsin DPI State wide Autism Training Team, and is part of Autistic Global Initiative (AGI). She is a board member of both the Autism Society of America, Wisconsin Chapter, and the Autism National Committee. Endow maintains a private practice in Madison, Wisconsin, providing con sultation for families, school districts, and other agencies. Her pub lications include Making Lemonade Hints for Autism's Helpers, Paper Words Discovering and Living with My Autism, The Power of Words: How we talk about people with autism spectrum disorders matters! (DVD), The Hidden Curriculum Calendar for Older Adoles cents and Adults (2009, 2010), Outsmarting Explosive Behavior A Visual System of Support and Intervention for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders, Practical Solutions for Stabilizing Students With Classic Autism to Be Ready to Learn: Getting to Go, and Learning the Hidden Curriculum: The Odyssey of One Autistic Adult. Besides hav ing autism herself, Endow is the parent of three now grown sons, one of whom is on the autism spectrum. In her spare time, Endow enjoys expressing her thoughts and ideas by creating one-of-a-kind hand-built pottery sculptures and painting with acrylics.

Brenda Smith Myles is Associate Professor in the Department of Special Education at the University of Kansas, where she codirects a graduate program in Asperger syndrome and autism. She has written numerous articles and books, including Asperger Syndrome and Difficult Moments: Practical Solutions for Tantrums, Rage, and Meltdowns and Asperger Syndrome and Adolescence: Practical Solutions for School Success, the winner of the Autism Society of America's outstanding literary work in 2002. Dr. Myles is on the executive boards of several organizations, including the Organization for Autism Research and MAAP Services, Inc.

Most helpful customer reviews

3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
VERY Informative Book
By Suzanne Swanson
Judy Endow has done it again. She has written a VERY well organized book about her journey of learning The Hidden Curriculum. I read it from cover to cover as soon as I got it. I learned some "hidden curriculum" that I didn't think existed. Thanks to her, I will be a teensy bit more social savvy! I would HIGHLY recommend this book for parents, professionals, people on the spectrum themselves and anyone interested in learning about her journey in learning the "hidden curriculum". No regrets buying it! I can't wait to share this book with my VR counselor and others!

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
very helpful...
By T. Graham
This helped me understand how to help my daughter. I need to be very specific and think about teaching every aspect in detail.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Five Stars
By BakerM
Great book - concrete information on youth and adult autism challenges

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Kamis, 26 November 2015

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One of Ours (Dover Books on Literature & Drama), by Willa Cather

In Willa Cather's Pulitzer Prize–winning novel, we meet Claude Wheeler, a young Nebraskan yearning to escape the life that has been preordained for him. Claude is dissatisfied with farming, alienated from his parents, distant from his wife, and searching for something to believe in. When the country enters the First World War, he finally discovers what he's been looking for. Away from home for the first time, Claude finds the course of his life irrevocably altered by newfound friendships and experiences on distant battlefields.
One of Ours continues to be a celebratory tribute — and a grief-stricken remembrance — of World War I. It is at once a courageous and poignant story of American ideals, an extraordinary character sketch, and a disquieting look at the making of an American soldier.

  • Sales Rank: #1926759 in eBooks
  • Published on: 2013-01-18
  • Released on: 2013-01-18
  • Format: Kindle eBook

Review
''The thing about Willa Cather's landscape and figures is that not only were they born alive but remain so after six decades.'' --Guardian (London)

''An astonishing power to touch an elegiac note right on the nerve without sentimentality.'' --Marina Warner, British writer, historian, and mythographer

From the Inside Flap
Willa Cather's Pulitzer Prize-winning narrative of the making of a young American soldier
Claude Wheeler, the sensitive, aspiring protagonist of this beautifully modulated novel, resembles the youngest son of a peculiarly American fairy tale. His fortune is ready-made for him, but he refuses to settle for it. Alienated from his crass father and pious mother, all but rejected by a wife who reserves her ardor for missionary work, and dissatisfied with farming, Claude is an idealist without an ideal to cling to. It is only when his country enters the First World War that Claude finds what he has been searching for all his life.
In One of Ours Willa Cather explores the destiny of a grandchild of the pioneers, a young Nebraskan whose yearnings impel him toward a frontier bloodier and more distant than the one that vanished before his birth. In doing so, she creates a canny and extraordinarily vital portrait of an American psyche at once skeptical and romantic, restless and heroic.

About the Author
A Pulitzer Prize-winning author, Willa Cather s work was profoundly influenced by her upbringing in rural Nebraska. During her young adulthood Cather proved herself intelligent and capable, initially training for a career as a medical doctor, but discovered a love of, and talent for, writing while attending the University of Nebraska. Following graduation, Cather worked as a journalist for several women s magazines before becoming a high school teacher; an opportunity work as an editor at McClure s provided Cather with her first chance to publish as the magazine serialized her first novel, Alexander s Bridge, to critical acclaim. This was soon followed by works that have since become best-loved American classics, including My ?ntonia, The Song of the Lark, and her Pulitzer-Prize winner, One of Ours. Cather died in 1947 at the age of 73.

Most helpful customer reviews

89 of 90 people found the following review helpful.
Cather's celebratory tribute to "one of ours"
By D. Cloyce Smith
For understandable reasons, "One of Ours" is perhaps Willa Cather's most underrated novel. Published in 1922, only four years after the end of the First World War, it is widely regarded as Cather's "war novel" and, although she visited Europe to research the battle scenes, she admitted the difficulty of writing such a novel when she had no direct personal experience of war itself. Judged simply as a war novel, then, it is certainly lacking in many respects; one won't find realist depictions of military action here. In addition, criticism that she glorified the war and its sacrifices has haunted the book since its publication.

But "One of Ours" is instead a eulogy for her cousin who served as an officer at the Western front. Only very small portions of the book actually occur during battle, and those that do are less about fighting than about a Nebraska boy who finds himself away from home, billeting with a French family and becoming friends with a fellow officer. Like some of her other works, "One of Ours" is a perceptive character sketch of a Midwestern youth struggling to escape the confinement of life on the farm.

The opening chapters follow Claude Wheeler from boyhood to an abortive college career, interrupted when his father insists that he leave school to work on the farm. One of the more absorbing sections describes his informal adoption by members of the Ehrlich family, who host a faux-bohemian parlor for their college-age friends and introduce Claude to Lincoln's social giddiness, intellectual intensity, and cultural pleasures: "He had never heard a family talk so much, or with anything like so much zest." After he returns home, his life begins a less satisfactory course, first by marrying an impossible woman and then by "escaping" to the war in Europe.

Readers and critics have often misunderstood Cather's novel; eighty years later, however, it's hard to see how anyone could say the novel prettifies combat. Instead, she probes, from Claude's perspective, those aspects of the war--camaraderie, adventure, patriotism--that entice young men to risk their lives. She explores the motives of those who serve their country while simultaneously lamenting the results. At the same time, she ridicules many of her usual targets--parochialism, bigotry, and righteousness--and lovingly portrays David Gerhardt, Claude's friend in Europe (who is based on a real-life violinist named David Hochstein). Taken as a whole, then, the novel is both Cather's celebratory tribute to "one of ours" and a grief-stricken remembrance of the tragic effects of war.

44 of 45 people found the following review helpful.
"I can not fiddle...
By Piety Hill Booksellers
...,but I can make a great city of a small state". Themistocles once said these words that might have been lifted from the thoughts of Claude Wheeler, the central character in Cather's Pulitzer winning novel. Claude is out of place in rural Nebraska, the initial setting of the novel. Only on the battlefields of WWI does he finally come in to his own.

Having read the critical comments of others, I sympathize with some of thier views. Cather did perhaps overreach in this novel. And certainly other of her works deserve more attention (Song of the Lark, My Antonia, Oh Pioneers). But for those of us who would read the technical specs for the muffler of a 73' Pinto if Cather had written them, this book is pure pleasure. Frankly, I can't imagine any of her books deserving less than 5 stars.

I also take exception to comments regarding the weakness of the final chapters. I found Cather's musings on fighting for a cause incredibly stirring. They offered resolution to the soul searching and final triumph of Claude. The epic scope of this story transcends the mere trials of finding oneself and speak to what it means to be human. No mere "fiddling" indeed.

22 of 24 people found the following review helpful.
Worth reading, but not Cather at her best
By Robert Moore
I am not certain that Willa Cather wrote anything that was not worth reading, but I do think this is the weakest of the ten or so of her works that I have read. If you have read and enjoyed her other books, by all means read it. If you haven't read her at all, I would recommend instead DEATH COMES FOR THE ARCHBISHOP, THE PROFESSOR'S HOUSE, or SHADOWS ON THE ROCK, or her prairie books MY ANTONIA or O PIONEERS. This book is a decent book by a great writer.

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Selasa, 24 November 2015

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Sacajawea: Guide and Interpreter of Lewis and Clark (Native American), by Grace Raymond Hebard

This remarkable study rescues from undeserved obscurity the name and reputation of Sacajawea — a true Native American heroine. The volume also unravels the tangled threads of her family life and traces the career of her son Baptiste, the "papoose" of the Lewis and Clark expedition. 21 illustrations, including a map. Bibliography. Index. 6 Appendices.

  • Sales Rank: #1694781 in eBooks
  • Published on: 2012-08-09
  • Released on: 2012-08-09
  • Format: Kindle eBook

Most helpful customer reviews

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
true book
By Will Burgess
this is a great book. although most people think that Sacagawea died in 1812, I believe that it was actually 1884 which is what this author discovered. this is all valid research and not made up.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Sacajawea
By Alshack
She is a legend. What a great person and contribution to the Lewis and Clark exploration for opening the north west America.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
Five Stars
By Gwendolyn Topping
Great

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Jumat, 20 November 2015

# Get Free Ebook The Art of Worldly Wisdom (Dover Books on Western Philosophy), by Baltasar Gracián

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The Art of Worldly Wisdom (Dover Books on Western Philosophy), by Baltasar Gracián

"Think with the few and speak with the many," "Friends are a second existence," and "Be able to forget" are among this volume's 300 thought-provoking maxims on politics, professional life, and personal development. Published in 1637, it was an instant success throughout Europe. The Jesuit author's timeless advice, focusing on honesty and kindness, remains ever popular. A perfect browsing book of mental and spiritual refreshment, it can be opened at random and appreciated either for a few moments or for an extended period.

  • Sales Rank: #718731 in eBooks
  • Published on: 2012-05-24
  • Released on: 2012-05-24
  • Format: Kindle eBook

From the Back Cover
"Think with the few and speak with the many," "Friends are a second existence," and "Be able to forget" are among this volume's 300 thought-provoking maxims on politics, professional life, and personal development. Published in 1637, it was an instant success throughout Europe. The Jesuit author's timeless advice, focusing on honesty and kindness, remains ever popular. A perfect browsing book of mental and spiritual refreshment, it can be opened at random and appreciated either for a few moments or for an extended period.

Most helpful customer reviews

10 of 10 people found the following review helpful.
A "Top 10" for any library for reference time and time again!
By Divinorum
As a generally well read person familiar with much in the way of 'wisdom literature,' I was surprised that I'd never heard of this little gem when a client recommended it. Its subtitle is "A Pocket Oracle" and it charmingly lives up to that and more. The book is comprised of 300 'wisdom packets' or 'doses' that are succinctly delivered in short lengths of approximately 9 to 19 lines each. Each one starts with a broad piece of advice followed up by explication. The broad range of topics include such things as proper attitudes to strategies in communication, love, politics and commerce. You can easily benefit by even picking any random page and reading a couple of 'doses' at a time. The books admirers include such luminaries as Arthur Schopenhauer and Friedrich Nietzsche, the latter of whom attested: "Europe never produced anything finer or more complicated in matters of moral subtlety."
One of the shortest and best of the 300 little 'wisdom packets' is this:
"Know your Major Defect. Every talent is balanced by a fault, and if you give in to it, it will govern you like a tyrant. You can begin to overthrow it by paying heed to it: begin to conquer it by identifying it. Pay it the same attention as those who reproach you for it. To master yourself, you must reflect upon yourself. Once this imperfectio has surrendered, all others will follow."
If you truly appreciate deeper wisdom emanating from astute observation, then you'll find this to be one of the most practical books on your shelf that you're sure to reference time and time again no matter what your station in life.

4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
Should be required reading in every University
By Andrew Brennan
This book should be required reading in every University. It provides a lifetime of hard-won knowledge of how the world really works, in the span of a handful of pages. I only wish that I had discovered it in my youth, rather than in my middle years, where its brilliance is something of a cold comfort in light of how many lessons in the school of hard knocks it might have spared me.

Gracian's work is akin to a blog, providing succinct stepping-stones on the path to worldly success. It is brilliantly insightful, and although it is centuries old, the observations and advice remain highly applicable to today. However, reading the book is a bittersweet experience: I found in the various aphorisms painfully obvious evidence of how far we as a species have drifted from earlier love of virtue, respect for the truth, and pursuit of enduring wisdom, and have instead walled ourselves into a prison with bricks of our most base and animalistic motivations, stacked ever higher in our mad rush to pour more electronic digits into our bank accounts, while ignoring the dwindling balances in our souls.

For people who think that religious and educated men of the past were unsophisticated, boorish or otherwise inferior to those of today, a scan through these pages should quickly correct that impression. Thoughtful people of this present age can only aspire to the author's sophistication, eloquence and profound understanding of human nature.

Four stars out of five, not for any failure of this translation or Gracian's overall brilliance, but simply because so much of this treasury of wisdom will be pearls before swine, wasted on a generation taught to value praise over achievement, citizens of a world pursuing information rather than wisdom, where the weight of an infotainment culture in which the mockery of concepts like virtue & truth as either outdated or naïve is grinding away humanity's natural love of good, noble and transcendent ideals.

3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Wrong Translation
By Eric
This is NOT the translation pictured in the “Look Inside” preview (& not the Jacobs translation I was looking for). Pls correct that mistake for future shoppers.

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Selasa, 17 November 2015

!! PDF Ebook Poetics, by Aristotle

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Poetics, by Aristotle

Aristotle (384-322 B.C.) is one of the most famous philosophers in history. Together with Plato and Socrates, Aristotle is responsible for Western philosophy as it is known today. Aristotle, like the other famous Greek philosophers, stressed the importance of virtue, often advocating self improvement through constant learning. Aristotle’s most famous work is Rhetoric which discusses the power of persuasion.

This version of Aristotle’s Poetics includes a table of contents.

  • Sales Rank: #135113 in eBooks
  • Published on: 2012-11-01
  • Released on: 2012-11-01
  • Format: Kindle eBook

Language Notes
Text: English (translation)
Original Language: Greek

From the Back Cover
Aristotle's Poetics is one of the most powerful, perceptive and influential works of criticism in Western literary history. A penetrating, near-contemporary account of Greek tragedy, it demonstrates how the elements of plot, character and spectacle combine to produce 'pity and fear' - and why we derive pleasure from this apparently painful process. It introduces the crucial concepts of mimesis ('imitation'), hamartia ('error') and katharsis, which have informed serious thinking about drama ever since. It examines the mythological heroes, idealized yet true to life, whom Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides brought on to the stage. And it explains how the most effective plays rely on complication and resolution, recognitions and reversals. Essential reading for all students of Greek literature and of the many Renaissance and post-Renaissance writers who consciously adopted Aristotle as a model, the Poetics is equally stimulating for anyone interested in theatre today.

About the Author
Aristotle is an icon of intellectual philosophical thinking. Though abstruse his writings are easily comprehensible. His thoughts had clarity and he wrote with a superhuman precision. Aristotle’s doctrine dominates all modern issues, science and else.

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76 of 78 people found the following review helpful.
A Must-Read for Students of Literature
By mp
After reading Aristotle's "Poetics," I felt a severe sense of shame for not having read it much, much sooner. As a student of literature, I found that many of the concepts upon which my evaluation of literature are based, whether I picked them up in classes or through amateur theorization, are founded in the "Poetics". The "Poetics," which the Penguin editor Malcolm Heath explains in his outstanding introduction/explication, is probably comprised of lecture notes, and not intentionally meant for public consumption, nonetheless stands as the standard against which literary criticism is gauged. This is amazing, as the work itself is hardly 50 pages long.
Aristotle begins by talking about the origins of art in imitation: Artists convey their sense of the world through imitating what they see and feel around them. This is accomplished both in visual art, and for a more thorough understanding of human events, in poetry. Aristotle goes on to explain the history of literature: how encomium(praises) and invective(curses) give rise respectively to epic and lampoons. These then pave the way for tragedy and comedy. In terms of these basic steps, in the later part of the "Poetics," Aristotle gives definitions to parts of speech, to wit, nouns, verbs, etc., and how they are used in different forms of speech, and in various contexts within the genres he outlines.
Spending the greater part of the work on an investigation of tragedy, Aristotle examines the component parts of what he takes to be the best kinds of tragedies. In terms of quality, the work must be complete, showing the causal relation of events and the causal reactions of characters to those events. It should have a plot wherein a character or characters experience a reversal of fortune or a recognition that leads to the conclusion of that plot.
Plot is essential to Aristotle, and, to appropriate Heath's translation, 'universalizes' the "Poetics" to encompass even those prose works for which Aristotle himself admits to have no definition. We can apply his standards to short stories, novels, and so on. Aristotle's notions of unity, completeness, and magnitude are the conventions to which and against which all Western literature and criticism can be seen to either conform to or struggle against. Without Aristotle's strict definitions of tragedy, comedy, unity, and so on, I can scarcely imagine how we would have notions of mock-tragedy, tragi-comedy, or even the modern or post-modern literary forms. In short, the "Poetics" is absolutely crucial reading for anyone who reads anything.

48 of 49 people found the following review helpful.
Penguin Classics: Aristotle's Poetics
By John A. Reuscher
I teach a course on Ethics and Aesthetics in Aristotle to graduate students. This translation and its introduction are the best for my purpose. Both are clear, crisp, and readable. The translation is reliable and the endnotes are very helpful. I would highly rcommend this edition to anyone who has a serious interest in either Aristotle or aesthetics that does not rise to a level that requires a reading knowledge of the Greek text.

31 of 32 people found the following review helpful.
The earliest textbook for dramatists
By A.J.
The "Poetics" contains Aristotle's observations on what elements and characteristics comprised the best tragedies based on the ones he'd presumably seen or read. He divides "poetry," which could be defined as imitations of human experience, into tragedy, comedy, and epic, and explains the differences between these forms, although comedy is not covered in detail and tragedy gets the most treatment. For one thing, tragedy, he states, seeks to imitate the matters of superior people, while comedy seeks to imitate the matters of inferior people.
To Aristotle, the most important constituent of tragedy is plot, and successful plots require that the sequence of events be necessary (required to happen to advance the story logically and rationally) and probable (likely to happen given the circumstances). Any plot that does not feature such a necessary and probable sequence of events is deemed faulty. Reversals and recognitions are plot devices by which tragedy sways emotions, particularly those that induce "pity and fear," as is astonishment, which is the effect produced when the unexpected happens. He discusses the best kinds of tragic plots, the kinds of characters that are required, and how their fortunes should change over the course of the plot for optimum tragic effect.
With regard to poetic language or "diction," he emphasizes the importance of figurative language (metaphor, analogy) in poetry and the importance of balancing figurative with literal language. It is his opinion that metaphoric invention is a natural ability and not something that can be taught. Of all the poets Aristotle mentions who exemplify the ideals proposed in the "Poetics," Homer draws the most praise.
Malcolm Heath's introduction in the Penguin Classics edition offers some helpful and amusing clarification and commentary on the "Poetics," including a demonstration of the Aristotelian method of constructing a tragedy using the story of Oedipus as an example. A work that is scant in volume but rich in ideas, the "Poetics" demands to be read by all those interested in ancient thought on literature.

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Senin, 16 November 2015

## Fee Download Epic: Form, Content, and History, by Frederick Turner

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Epic: Form, Content, and History, by Frederick Turner

Epic does many things. Among others, it defines the nature of the human storyteller; recalls the creation of the world and of the human race; describes the paradoxical role of the hero as both the Everyman and the radical exception; and establishes the complex quest underlying all human action. Epic illustrates that these ingredients of epic storytelling are universal cultural elements, in existence across multiple remote geographical locations, historical eras, ethnic and linguistic groups, and levels of technological and economic development.

Frederick Turner argues that epic, despite being scoffed at and neglected for over sixty years, is the most fundamental and important of all literary forms and thereby deserves serious critical attention. It is the source and originof all other literature, the frame within which any story is possible. The mission of this book is to repair gaps in the literary understanding of epic studies—and offer permission to future epic writers and composers.

The cultural genres of Marvel Comics, gothic, anime, manga, multi-user dungeon gaming, and superhero movies reprise all the epic themes and motifs. Consider The Wizard of Oz, Star Wars, The Lord of the Rings, Lost, The Matrix, Superman, Harry Potter, and Narnia. Here can be found the epic beast-man, the miraculous birth of the hero, the creation myth, the founding of the city, the quest journey, the descent into the land of the dead, the monsters, and the trickster. This book will be of interest to all readers fascinated by folklore, oral tradition, religious studies, anthropology, mythology, and enthusiastic about literature in general.

  • Sales Rank: #1655050 in eBooks
  • Published on: 2012-11-06
  • Released on: 2012-11-06
  • Format: Kindle eBook

Review

"Turner's transdisciplinary knowledge, deeply accomplished career as poet and critic, and wide view of literary and cultural history make him uniquely qualified to write such a singular book. This will truly be a landmark book, an epic book on epic, if you will. . . . Turner becomes the storyteller of epics and the epic story—the book will be utterly riveting and illuminating reading, and inspire readers across a number of fields (as well as general readers) to seek out and read epics from all ages and cultures. . . . [This] stands as a work that will stand the test of time. I believe that our academic culture desperately thirsts for this kind of visionary, informed thinking and substantial argumentation."

—Dr. Paul Harris, Loyola Marymount University

“This is a wide-ranging book which covers epic from its beginnings up to contemporary literary productions and treats of compositions in so many different languages, that, as the author points out, it would be impossible for anyone to know them all. . . . The book is crammed with ideas and images, and I can only mention some of them. . . . Epic typically took its rise when orality was giving way to literacy. It “bestrides the boundary between prehistory and history” (p. 287) and is a genre of such magnitude that it embrases the whole of its culture. Turner encourages us to enter into this vast epic space and imaginatively make ourselves at home there since “time and familiarity themselves ingrain a thing into memory” and “we must live in epic country for a while for it to work its transformation on us” (341).”

—Emily Lyle, Cosmos

“Turner’s overwhelming advantage in writing about Epics is that he is one of our great contemporary poets in that genre. It is as though we equipped Tasso or Vergil with a polymath education in the physical, evolutionary, and social sciences and asked them to use this knowledge to tell us what they were doing. Turner understands that they would come to the same conclusion he does: there are not many epics, there is one epic and that is the story of human evolutionary history from the creation of mankind to the creation of the city, and everything on the way (visit to the dead) and after (destruction and recreation). This story of epic is an epic journey in itself: a tribal encyclopedia for latter-day tribesmen. Brilliantly and expertly told it is not to be missed at any cost.”

—Robin Fox, Rutgers University, author of The Tribal Imagination: Civilization and the Savage Mind

“There is something almost majestic about Frederick Turner’s Epic, the best study ever composed about this foundational literary genre.The range is formidable: from ancient and classical works to twentieth century literary achievements, from Europe and the Mediterranean to Africa, East Asia, and South America. This is, unquestionably, the main, the true, and the genuine way in which globalism can and ought to be understood: through the commonalities of ideal aspirations, and the memories and images of all members of the human family. Turner, once again, proves himself a reliable guide in the philosophical grasp of human culture.”

—Virgil Nemoianu, The Catholic University of America

About the Author

Frederick Turner is Founders Professor, School of Arts and Humanities at the University of Texas at Dallas. A poet, translator, philosopher, cultural critic, and former editor of the Kenyon Review, he has authored more than two dozen books, including Beauty, The Culture of Hope, Genesis, Hadean Eclogues, Shakespeare’s Twenty-First Century Economics, and Natural Religion.

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7 of 7 people found the following review helpful.
Turner Knows Whereof He Speaks
By Scott W. Weaver
This epic project of the great twenty-first century humanist, Frederick Turner, undertakes a bottom-to-top affective reversal of Giambattista Vico's "The New Science." Whereas the latter uses the myths of the gentile nations as his main scientific taking off point for a bold reimagination of their history, Turner instead uses the fruits of the ongoing modern scientific revolution to show us the way the great epics, as the most perfect distillations of our spirit, have remembered all along what science is so belatedly and painstakingly repiecing together: the origin and meaning of our unique humanity. Instead of being something we grow out of, as in Vico's outlook, Turner gives us the epic as something we're still collectively growing into: our patrimony, in addition to our patrilineage.

As a truly omnicultural scholar, to whom nothing human is alien, (as distinguished from the narrow rejectionism of white-guilt-born multiculturalism, for which nothing is alien, simply because nothing is universally human), Turner delights in the epic productions of a far-flung constellation of cultures. This comprehensiveness gives weight to his culture-transcending argument that the universal raison d'etre of the epic is the puzzling out of the ramifications of the formative evolutionary crucible of our species: that period of runaway sexual- and group-selection, in which we gave ourselves the suite of mental, physiological and cultural characteristics that molded us from animals into humans. In particular, itself the product of civilization, the epic gives the story of the agonizing process of harmonizing these untamed human characteristics to produce a civilized humanity.

Turner's analysis is a fascinating one, enlivened by his obvious passion, not only for literature, but also for science, philosophy, anthropology, and, among other things, etymology. His own experience as a sometime epic composer, rather than raising any suspicion of bad faith (as always threatens to be the case, when an artist tackles her own medium), instead gives an interestingly personal dimension to the forces exerted by the epic muse. After all, an epic is not properly the production of a people's genius, but a person's. Similarly, this book is not a production of the faceless, inhuman academe, but a labor of love on the part of an especially human member of the academy.

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Turner's turn here is a brilliant one. He argues that Epic itself is the ...
By Gregory Borse
Dr. Turner's turn here is a brilliant one. He argues that Epic itself is the literary expression of an evolutionary process by which humans not only articulate their own developing understanding of themselves over time, but help create who we are now and who we will be in the future. The book expertly trades in the vocabulary of evolutionary biology and literary analysis along with folklore and anthropology. Literally something for the tastes of a dozen disciplines. Readers will not be disappointed in Turner's analysis from a variety of points of view and they will be especially rewarded by being enlightened in areas that go beyond the narrow studies that confine themselves to a particular discipline. The world is starved for comprehensive understanding across the disciplines and this book is a model for future intellects in how to span the gulf that exists between different modes of understanding. It stands itself as a call to return to the virtues of the "Renaissance" scholar. Perhaps it will inspire students to become the next Polymaths. This book ought to be their model and Dr. Turner ought to be their Patron Saint.

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Acts: An Exegetical Commentary : Volume 1: Introduction and 1:1-247, by Craig S. Keener

In the first volume of this four-volume commentary, Craig Keener introduces the book of Acts and provides detailed exegesis of its opening chapters, including more than 10,000 references from extrabiblical ancient sources.

"Somewhat surprisingly, a socio-historical approach to Acts still needs to be defended and its value demonstrated. No one does this better--is more informed about ancient literature, parallels, and precedents, and more interactively and fruitfully engaged with contemporary literature and issues--than Craig Keener. In the introduction (a monograph in itself), his treatment of the genre of Acts, especially his judicious discussion of the genre 'novel,' of the character of ancient historiography, and of the historical integrity and value of Acts, is unbeatable in today's market. For anyone wanting to appreciate how Acts 'worked' in its original context and to get into the text at some depth, Keener will be indispensable and 'first off the shelf.'"
--James D. G. Dunn, University of Durham

"Keener takes very seriously the claim of the book of Acts to be historiography. His encyclopedic knowledge of ancient literature and his intelligent skill as an exegete make this a magisterial commentary."
--Richard Bauckham, University of St. Andrews; Ridley Hall, Cambridge

"This first volume promises to be the inaugural component of the most comprehensive commentary on Acts to date. Keener presents a socio-historical reading of the text with meticulous precision, and his knowledge of scholarly research is impressive. The documentation from ancient Jewish literature is exceptionally rich. From now on, any exegesis of Acts will need to take into account this major work."
--Daniel Marguerat, University of Lausanne, Switzerland

"Early Christianity developed in a complex and multifaceted context, one that Craig Keener masterfully presents in this socially and historically oriented commentary on Acts. As one has come to expect from Keener, there is thorough knowledge and use of the best and most important secondary literature and abundant utilization of a wide range of ancient sources. This is a commentary that will continue to serve as a detailed resource for both scholars and students."
--Stanley E. Porter, McMaster Divinity College

"A monumental exegetical commentary. . . . Scholars and readers of the Acts of the Apostles will find it a precious source for consultation. In addition, Keener's attention to the work of Luke-Acts and the comparison he draws with Paul's letters will greatly profit those who are interested in the Third Gospel and the person of Paul."
--Fr. G. Claudio Bottini, Faculty of Biblical Sciences and Archaeology (Studium Biblicum Franciscanum), Jerusalem

"With a monograph-level introduction and solid, detailed use of background sources, Craig Keener has provided us with a rich gem of a commentary on Acts."
--Darrell L. Bock, Dallas Theological Seminary

"Keener shows convincingly how broadly and deeply Acts participates in ancient Hellenistic and Jewish thinking. This meticulous reconstruction fits well with his deep insights on Lukan theology in Acts. I expect this to be a marvelous, impressive, and inspiring commentary!"
--Manfred Lang, Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg

  • Sales Rank: #407890 in eBooks
  • Published on: 2012-09-01
  • Released on: 2012-09-01
  • Format: Kindle eBook

From the Back Cover
In the first volume of this four-volume commentary, Craig Keener introduces the book of Acts and provides detailed exegesis of its opening chapters, including more than 10,000 references from extrabiblical ancient sources.

"Somewhat surprisingly, a socio-historical approach to Acts still needs to be defended and its value demonstrated. No one does this better--is more informed about ancient literature, parallels, and precedents, and more interactively and fruitfully engaged with contemporary literature and issues--than Craig Keener. In the introduction (a monograph in itself), his treatment of the genre of Acts, especially his judicious discussion of the genre 'novel,' of the character of ancient historiography, and of the historical integrity and value of Acts, is unbeatable in today's market. For anyone wanting to appreciate how Acts 'worked' in its original context and to get into the text at some depth, Keener will be indispensable and 'first off the shelf.'"
--James D. G. Dunn, University of Durham

"Keener takes very seriously the claim of the book of Acts to be historiography. His encyclopedic knowledge of ancient literature and his intelligent skill as an exegete make this a magisterial commentary."
--Richard Bauckham, University of St. Andrews; Ridley Hall, Cambridge

"This first volume promises to be the inaugural component of the most comprehensive commentary on Acts to date. Keener presents a socio-historical reading of the text with meticulous precision, and his knowledge of scholarly research is impressive. The documentation from ancient Jewish literature is exceptionally rich. From now on, any exegesis of Acts will need to take into account this major work."
--Daniel Marguerat, University of Lausanne, Switzerland

"Early Christianity developed in a complex and multifaceted context, one that Craig Keener masterfully presents in this socially and historically oriented commentary on Acts. As one has come to expect from Keener, there is thorough knowledge and use of the best and most important secondary literature and abundant utilization of a wide range of ancient sources. This is a commentary that will continue to serve as a detailed resource for both scholars and students."
--Stanley E. Porter, McMaster Divinity College

"A monumental exegetical commentary. . . . Scholars and readers of the Acts of the Apostles will find it a precious source for consultation. In addition, Keener's attention to the work of Luke-Acts and the comparison he draws with Paul's letters will greatly profit those who are interested in the Third Gospel and the person of Paul."
--Fr. G. Claudio Bottini, Faculty of Biblical Sciences and Archaeology (Studium Biblicum Franciscanum), Jerusalem

"With a monograph-level introduction and solid, detailed use of background sources, Craig Keener has provided us with a rich gem of a commentary on Acts."
--Darrell L. Bock, Dallas Theological Seminary

"Keener shows convincingly how broadly and deeply Acts participates in ancient Hellenistic and Jewish thinking. This meticulous reconstruction fits well with his deep insights on Lukan theology in Acts. I expect this to be a marvelous, impressive, and inspiring commentary!"
--Manfred Lang, Martin Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg

About the Author
Craig S. Keener (PhD, Duke University) the F. M. and Ada Thompson Professor of Biblical Studies at Asbury Theological Seminary in Wilmore, Kentucky. He is the author of many books, including Miracles: The Credibility of the New Testament Accounts, the bestseller The IVP Bible Background Commentary: New Testament, The Historical Jesus of the Gospels, Gift and Giver, and commentaries on Matthew, John, Romans, 1-2 Corinthians, and Revelation.

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34 of 35 people found the following review helpful.
Several Monographs + Commentary = Godsend in Acts studies
By Joel L. Watts
Craig Keener's first volume on the book of Acts covers two chapters while containing decades' worth of extensive research. To dismiss the weight of this volume is to forego a severely missing component in any study on the Acts of the Apostles.

I have a certain trepidation in approaching such a large volume for review. Indeed, this book is well worth a year of study and another for reflection and measurement of use before a thorough-going review can be given. After all, where do you start? Perhaps on the back cover, with the endorsements. This, after all, are where many of us will start when judging a book. Endorsements run the gambit of modern scholars, from James D.G. Dunn to Darrell L. Bock. Dunn calls it a "first off the shelf" book while Bottini calls it a "monumental exegetical commentary." Others call attention to the massive amount of information germane to the discussion, often missing in other commentaries. We could start there; however, we would need to quickly move to the inside now -- now that your questions as to whether or not this is a critical engaging commentary has been appeased.

There are two parts to this volume, the introduction and the commentary. The introduction is a massive tome, some six-hundred pages, covering nearly every facet of a study of Acts. Keener is not lax when it comes to answering the student's questions, even preemptively. He even provides for the limitation of this massive volume by giving an answer for them first and thereby creating a paradox! The author explores literary sources, historical reliability, ancient approaches as well as details some objections to the commentary including the genre and use of labels. He does this just in the prolegomenon of this introduction. Keener spends the next three hundred pages covering Acts as historiography including reaching into the dating of Acts while he explores all sides of the issue. Perhaps that is the greatest strength of any of Keener's works -- they are far from polemical, far from one-sided. This is a small enough section, I believe, to explore as part of this review.

In chapter ten, Keener examines the dating of Acts. Currently, Acts is held by most scholars as having been written rather late, with come scholars pushing it into the second century. He briefly rehashes why the authorship of Acts, the author is Luke, is important. Keener sites Xenophon and his histories as works written long after the fact, but by those who had experienced them. He then feels comfortable suggesting that he holds to a centrist position, that of the 70s-8os, the majority view. Yes, he states his position, however for our sakes, Keener delves into the other dating schemas, exploring their weaker points including the premature ending. He even goes so far as to cite the stronger points for the earlier date, such as Richard Longnecker. His only issue here, and it really pertains to the Markan scholar, is his acceptance of an early dating of Mark. In exploring the late date, Keener uses the continuation with Judaism found in Luke-Acts against the idea that Acts hails from the second century. I find his methodology here convincing even I do not agree with him completely on the dating.

The introduction has two excursuses. The first deals with physicians in the ancient world while the second examines the "Background for Luke's View of the Spirit." The commentary portion, however, has numerous excursuses discussing a wide variety of topics including Zealots (744), Dreams and Visions (911), and Messiahship (964). Like the rest of the volume, they are expanded past the normative models. Messiahship covers six pages, filled with numerous footnotes. This particular excursus examines the role of Messiah from David through the Bar Kokhba revolt. There is little here that can be classified as pure theological (Christological) with Keener instead relying on something more than "the Bible/Church says" approach to reading Scripture.

This brings to us to the extended commentary section, numbering over four hundred pages. Normally, that is considered an exhaustive commentary; however, consider that Keener reads two chapters in those four hundred pages. There is simply no way to examine the entirety of the commentary, so I have selected a favorite proof-text of mine, Acts 2.38 (972-86). To be fair, this includes an excurses on discussing the ancient role of baptism. (Note, by this time, Keener's footnotes for the commentary proper number 1200 -- that is, of course, only for the last 100 or so pages.)

Kenner separates this verse into several topics, including repentance, baptism as an act, baptism in the name of Jesus, and the gift of the Spirit. One can now see how we can spend so much time on one verse. The Hellenistic-Jewish background is given on repentance as well as discussion of literary sources from Qumran and other Second Temple sects. The original word's meaning is sought after not just in these literary sources, but so too in canonical books. Baptism is given the same treatment, but interrupted by an excurses meant to serve as history of the theology of these verse. Under the heading of "Baptism in Jesus's Name," Keener brings to light the connectivity of Acts 2.38 and Matthew 28.19, although what is lacking is the usual Oneness-Pentecostal interpretation. Indeed, what is lacking is a theological interpretation altogether, but instead, present with us is the historical assessment of the verse. He finishes the commentary portion with an examination of what Luke believed was the gift of the Spirit. In all of this, Keener does not break character and insert Christian doctrine or dogma into there. There are no theological applications nor theological exegesis. The commentary instead gets to the author of Acts, of this particular verse, by using all of humanities available to Keener. Whether it is the Greek or the higher criticisms, Keener relies on studied science to help him navigate the reader to a place where they can draw their own conclusion.

The sources Keener draws from are numerous. His list of abbreviations fill over thirty pages, ranging from the Dead Sea Scrolls to Nag Hammadi. The Rabbis are consulted as well as the Church Fathers. Demosthenes and Euripedies, Fronto and Isocrates. The Romans, Greeks, and Hebrews provide voices for Keener's chorus. Added to this are the nearly 10,000 footnotes and citations between the covers and the nearly four hundred pages of works cited and indexes included with a separate cd, one cannot easily dismiss either the work nor the conclusions Keener has poured into this volume.

I suspect, that by the end of the series on Acts, Keener will have left us his magnum opus and it will survive for a lot longer than other commentaries.

18 of 18 people found the following review helpful.
Magnificant - one you MUST have for your library
By Jeri
Keener once again proves himself a superlative scholar. This enormous book on Acts (over a thousand pages) has a depth, a breadth of research, that is without rival.

However, one small warning: the average woman, at about 110 lbs, is going to have hand cramps trying to lift it. My right hand is still numb!

At any rate, oversize or not, the book is truly splendid. Every scholar and every member of the clergy needs a copy. I can't imagine a topic Keener doesn't cover comprehensively, or one in which he doesn't cover, with exquisite fairness, all the various sides of the arguments.

Take the endless debate about what ancient genre best fits Acts. It's true that "A substantial minority of scholars have compared Acts to ancient novels"(P 62). There are also a great number of arguments against this theory, and Keener goes through all of them.

In fact, "The dominant view today...is that Acts is a work of ancient historiography" (p 91). This is not to deny that ancient historians could be biased, or have a particular perspective, or that there weren't degrees of reliability. But "history was supposed to be truthful (p 118) and truth was expected of ancient historians.`

The sources Luke relied upon must have been varied, but "it is not implausible that Luke's Palestinian informants...might account for his Semitisms" (p 182). It's also likely that there was a shared pool of information, for "The early churches throughout the empire were already informally networked long before Luke wrote," )p 187).

Keener's discussion on dating Acts is excellent. First, he notes "One cannot separate the question of date...from the question of authorship" (p 383) since Luke appears to have been a companion of Paul. Yet the question of where to place Acts is still a vexed one. Why doesn't he mention the temple's destruction, as such scholars as Robinson and Williams have asked?

Then there are the scholars (hmm, funny, none of them theists) who claim it was written after 90. The problem for such scholars is the massive detail in Acts, all of it correct for a person conversant with Judea before the fall of the temple. In addition, 1 Clement appears to betray knowledge of Acts in around 95 AD, which would be unlikely if Acts had just been written.

And then there is the further complication that Acts and Luke were clearly written by the same author, as "Today almost all scholars acknowledge" (p 402). In addition, " A large number (probably the majority) of English speaking commentators believe the author was a companion of Paul, as the 'we' narratives suggest' (p 407).

Keener points out that "The book of Acts reflected, and probably contributed to, the mission focus of early Christianity" (p 515), missionary activity that help to propel Christianity throughout the Roman world. In Acts, Luke demonstrates the "continuity between the apostolic ministries of Peter..and Paul " (p 525).

One point about the book that will prove its value to you: Keener gives all sides of the argument, and names the scholars. So if you are interested in the Zealots, for example, you can page through the book and find the name of Horsley, one of the scholars who wrote extensively on the subject.

A very valuable book.

16 of 16 people found the following review helpful.
A really great commentary
By Daniel
A veritable wealth of information is contained in this enormous volume--volume 2. I do not yet have the other volumes in this series. But this book is huge with careful evangelical analysis and a nearly exhaustive provision of very helpful background information. I am a pastor currently preaching through the book of Acts. I bought this book after I had already begun work in chapter 11. I regret not purchasing the first volume. I await the third volume with eagerness.

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